Protective equipment (VAT Notice 701/23) (2024)

Detail

This notice cancels and replaces the July 2011 edition of Notice 701/23. It applies to supplies made on or after the UK’s departure from the European Union.

Details of any changes to the previous versions can be found in paragraph 1.3.

1. Overview

1.1 Information in this notice

This notice explains when:

  • protective boots and helmets for industrial use are zero-rated – see section 2
  • motorcycle helmets are zero-rated – see section 3
  • pedal cycle helmets are zero-rated – see section 4
  • children’s car seats and travel systems are reduced-rated at a rate of 5% VAT – see section 5

1.1.1 Other reduced rate or zero-rated protective equipment

Certain protective clothing, headgear and footwear for young children may be zero-rated as young children’s clothing and footwear. Further information is in Notice 714: zero rating young children’s clothing and footwear.

1.2 Users for this notice

Use this notice if you’re a manufacturer, wholesaler, retailer or importer of products listed in paragraph 1.1.

1.3 Changes to this notice

This notice has been updated as follows:

  • sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 to reflect the updating of manufacturing standards
  • section 5.4 to advise the necessity to check the single or multiple supply guidance in order to determine the VAT liability of a children’s car seat supplied in conjunction with the supply of a car

1.4 Laws that affect this notice

The VAT Act 1994, section 30 holds that goods and services specified in Schedule 8 to the Act are zero-rated. Schedule 8, Group 16 (as amended by SI 2000/1517, SI 2001/732 and paragraph 94 (8) of schedule 8 of the Taxation (Cross-Border Trade) Act 2018) specifies when protective boots and helmets are zero-rated.

The VAT Act 1994, section 29A (as inserted by the Finance Act 2001) holds that goods and services specified in Schedule 7A to the Act are reduced-rated. Schedule 7A, Group 5 specifies when children’s car seats are reduced-rated.

2. Protective boots and helmets for industrial use

2.1 Protective boots and helmets that qualify for zero rating

They are zero-rated when all the following conditions are met:

Condition Description Further information
1 The articles must be boots or helmets paragraph 2.2
2 They must be manufactured to satisfy the requirements of regulation 8(2) of the Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 2002 paragraphs 2.3 to 2.5
3 They must bear a mark indicating conformity with regulation (8)(2) of the Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 2002 paragraphs 2.3 to 2.5
4 They must be for industrial use paragraph 2.4
5 They must not be supplied to persons for use by their employees paragraph 2.5

Paragraph 2.6 explains when accessories are zero-rated.

2.2 Difference between a shoe and a boot

The zero rate applies specifically to protective boots and therefore protective shoes are not eligible for zero-rating, even if they meet the remaining requirements.

2.3 Regulatory standards for protective boots and helmets

The protective boots and helmets must be manufactured to the standards which satisfy the requirements of regulation 8(2) of the Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 2002.

2.4 Meaning of ‘industrial use’

This has its ordinary and everyday meaning. Boots and helmets that meet all the other conditions for zero rating but are not for industrial use, such as motorcycle boots, are standard-rated.

2.5 Work out who is being supplied

You cannot zero rate supplies of protective boots or helmets to an employer for the use by their employees. Supplies from a manufacturer to a wholesaler who in turn supplies them to a retailer can be zero-rated subject to the conditions set out earlier in this notice. Supplies from an employer to an employee can also be zero-rated, subject to the conditions set out earlier in this notice.

Before you zero rate any supply you should by asking yourself does the
establish your customer is not an employer purchasing boots or helmets for use by employees customer’s trading style suggest that the customer is an employer

quantity ordered suggest a bulk purchase by an employer for the use of employees

nature of the contract indicates a trade order - such as a number of pairs of boots paid for by one customer for delivery to individuals

2.6 Zero-rated accessories

If you fit accessories such as visors or ear protectors as an integral part of a qualifying helmet, you can zero rate the supply of the complete helmet. But accessories supplied on their own are standard-rated.

3. Motorcycle helmets

3.1 Zero-rated motorcycle helmets

To qualify for the zero rate motorcycle helmets must be manufactured to the standards which satisfy the requirements of regulation 8(2) of the Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 2002 and bear the mark of conformity required by that regulation.

3.2 Zero-rated pedal cycles helmets

If you fit accessories such as visors, ear protectors or communication systems as an integral part of a qualifying helmet, you can zero rate the supply of the complete helmet. But accessories supplied on their own are standard-rated.

4. Pedal cycle helmets

4.1 Zero-rated pedal cycle helmets

To qualify for the zero rate cycle helmets must be manufactured to the standards which satisfy the requirements of regulation 8(2) of the Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 2002 and bear the mark of conformity required by that regulation.

4.2 Zero-rated accessories

If you fit accessories such as visors or ear protectors as an integral part of a qualifying helmet, you can zero rate the supply of the complete helmet. But accessories supplied on their own are standard-rated.

5 Children’s car seats and travel systems

5.1 Reduced rate children’s car seats

The following products are ‘children’s car seats’ and are reduced-rated at a rate of 5% VAT.

Safety seats

A safety seat is a seat designed to be sat in by a child in a road vehicle so that, when in use in a road vehicle, it can be restrained:

Booster seats

A booster seat is a seat designed to be sat in by a child in a road vehicle, and so that, when in use in a road vehicle, it and a child sitting in it can be restrained by a seat belt fitted in the vehicle.

Booster cushions

A booster cushion is a cushion designed to be sat on by a child in a road vehicle, and so that a child seated on it can be restrained by a seat belt fitted in the vehicle.

Car seat bases

A base unit which is designed solely for the purpose of attaching a safety seat securely in a road vehicle by means of anchorages that form part of the base unit and which, when in use in a road vehicle, can be restrained in one or more of the following ways:

  • by a seat belt fitted in the vehicle
  • by permanent anchorage points in the vehicle
  • by belts attached to permanent anchorage points in the vehicle

The reduced rate applies to both ISOFIX (International Standards Organisation Fix) and non-ISOFIX bases.

5.2 Reduced-rated carrycots with restraint straps

The reduced rate also applies to protective travel systems such as ‘lie-flat’ car seat products which allow babies to safely lie-flat whilst travelling in a car and are secured using a 3 point safety harness. These products can also be used with compatible pushchairs to form a pram system.

5.3 Reduced rate children’s travel systems

They are zero-rated when both of the following conditions are met:

Type of travel system VAT liability
A pram or pushchair and a safety seat that can be fitted together and both of the elements can be used independently of each other. The safety seat is reduced-rated
The pram pushchair element is standard-rated
A safety seat, a bare wheeled framework and a pushchair or pram seat When the supply consists of just the safety seat and the wheeled framework the whole supply is reduced-rated
The safety seat can be attached to the wheeled framework and it can be used as a pram
Alternatively, the pram seat can be attached to the framework for use as a pram
When all 3 elements are supplied together, the pram seat is standard-rated and the other 2 elements are reduced-rated
The framework is only of use when one of the other 2 elements is attached When the supply consists of just the pram seat and the wheeled framework the whole supply is standard-rated
Any combination of the 3 elements may be supplied together When supplied separately, the safety seat is reduced-rated, the wheeled framework is standard-rated and the pram seat is standard-rated

5.4 Treatment of vehicles with a fitted children’s car seat

If you supply a vehicle with a children’s car seat, or with one as an ‘optional extra’, you must consider your supply in light of VATSC 11100 Single or Multiple supply.

If your supply meets the criteria to be treated as multiple supplies the charge for the supply of the children’s car seat will qualify for reduced rate VAT.

Your rights and obligations

Read Your Charter to find out what you can expect from HM Revenue and Customs and what we expect from you.

Help us improve this notice

If you have any feedback about this notice please email: customerexperience.indirecttaxes@hmrc.gsi.gov.uk.

You’ll need to include the full title of this notice. Don’t include any personal or financial information like your VAT number.

If you need general help with this notice or have another VAT question you should phone our VAT helpline or make a VAT enquiry online.

Putting things right

If you’re unhappy with HMRC’s service, contact the person or office you’ve been dealing with and they’ll try to put things right.

If you’re still unhappy, find out how to complain to HMRC.

How HMRC uses your information

Find out how HMRC uses the information we hold about you.

Protective equipment (VAT Notice 701/23) (2024)

FAQs

Is there VAT on safety equipment? ›

If you are buying Boots or Helmets to give to employees you are required to pay Vat (and then reclaim it.) If you are buying for your own use, you are not required to pay vat, the other exemption is if you buy to sell on, you don't pay vat.

Are safety boots exempt from VAT? ›

Simply put, if you're ordering safety boots for your own work use - you are exempt from paying VAT. If you are an employer purchasing safety boots for your employees, then this exemption does not apply and you should pay VAT at the prevailing rate.

Are hard hats VAT free? ›

Current VAT Rules allow Safety Boots and Safety Helmets to be sold with a zero rate of VAT for personal purchases. However if you are buying these items to give to employees you are required to pay VAT and then reclaim it.

Do you pay VAT on bicycle helmets? ›

Therefore, VAT will be due on the whole amount of salary sacrificed in exchange for the bicycle and related accessories, even if a Helmet is included in the package being hired by the employee. Did this answer your question?

What PPE items are VAT exempt? ›

Which PPE is covered?
  • disposable gloves,
  • disposable plastic aprons,
  • disposable fluid-resistant coveralls or gowns,
  • surgical masks (including fluidresistant type IIR surgical masks)
  • filtering face piece respirators, and.
  • eye and face protection (including single or reusable full face visors or goggles).

When did VAT go back on PPE? ›

The end date for the temporary VAT zero rating has been changed from 31 July 2020 to 31 October 2020.

What 3 items are VAT exempt? ›

Cultured milk. Brown wheaten meal. Eggs. Edible legumes and pulses of leguminous plants.

Are safety shoes taxable? ›

If your shoes qualify as “protective clothing” (slip resistant shoes are certainly protective!) and you are required to purchase them as a condition of your employment, and not normally worn outside of work, you can deduct the cost of them from your taxes!

Do employers have to pay for safety boots uk? ›

Every employer shall ensure that suitable personal protective equipment is provided to his employees who may be exposed to a risk to their health or safety while at work except where and to the extent that such risk has been adequately controlled by other means which are equally or more effective.

Do you pay VAT on safety helmets? ›

Visors and ear defenders bought separately are subject to VAT. Likewise, if you are buying safety footwear or helmets to sell on, they are zero-rated. BUT, if you are a buying safety footwear or helmets to supply to employees, you will pay VAT and claim this back in the normal way.

Why are stickers not allowed on hard hats? ›

Hard hats require regular inspections to check for cracks, dents, damage, wear and the like. Stickers can mask the damage or weakness in the shell, causing the person inspecting it to deem the hard hat in good working order when it's not.

Do safety helmets have VAT? ›

Protective helmets for wear by someone driving or riding a motor cycle are charged a zero rate of VAT. This zero rate extends to protective boots and helmets for industrial use and pedal cycle helmets. Detailed guidance on the scope of the zero rate is published by HM Revenue & Customs.

Are motorcycle helmets VAT free? ›

motorcycle helmets are zero-rated – see section 3. pedal cycle helmets are zero-rated – see section 4. children's car seats and travel systems are reduced-rated at a rate of 5% VAT – see section 5.

Are sunglasses VAT exempt? ›

Generally, optical services are exempt from VAT. However, the supply of goods, such as spectacles, is taxable. Opticians typically make mixed supplies of exempt services and taxable goods.

Can I claim VAT back on a bicycle? ›

Employers can continue to recover VAT on the purchase of the bicycle and associated equipment. Employers who have provided bicycles under deduction from salary arrangements are unaffected by the judgment as payments received from employees have always been subject to VAT and will continue to be so.

How much PPE can you claim without receipts? ›

If your total employment-related expense claims are $300 or less, receipts and written evidence are not required. If you claim more than $300, you may be required to produce written documentation for each individual expense, not only those that occur after the $300 limit is reached.

What items are not PPE? ›

Uniforms, caps, or other clothing worn solely to identify a person as an employee would not be considered PPE. Hats, long sleeves, long pants or sunscreen, while not defined as PPE, should be considered for protection against heat, cold, sun or insect exposure.

What is not classed as PPE? ›

Clothing is not considered PPE if it is: • A uniform provided for the primary purpose of presenting a corporate image. Ordinary working clothing. 'Protective clothing' provided in the food industry primarily for food hygiene purposes.

How do I claim tax back on PPE? ›

You cannot claim tax relief for PPE. If your job requires you to use PPE your employer should either: give you PPE free of charge. ask you to buy it and reimburse you the costs.

How far back can you claim VAT on assets? ›

You can reclaim VAT paid on goods or services bought before you registered for VAT if you bought them within: 4 years for goods you still have or goods that were used to make other goods you still have.

How far back can a VAT investigation go? ›

How far back can HMRC investigate VAT? HMRC can only inspect records going back 4 years unless the inspection identifies fraudulent activity. If fraud is suspected, HMRC can inspect records going back 20 years.

How can I avoid VAT legally? ›

Other ways to prevent your company from paying VAT are to avoid getting your customers to purchase materials themselves, not taking large one-off payments, and operating on fewer days a week.

What qualifies for VAT exemption? ›

VAT law states that you must be 'chronically sick or disabled' to qualify for VAT relief. A person is 'chronically sick or disabled' if they either: have a physical or mental impairment that has a long-term and severe effect on their ability to carry out everyday activities.

What conditions qualify for VAT exemption? ›

If you have a disability or long-term illness, you may be able to buy some of our products without paying any VAT.
...
You're eligible for the VAT relief if you have one of the following conditions:
  • Arthritis.
  • Blind.
  • Cardiovascular disease.
  • Deafness.
  • Diabetes.
  • Epilepsy.
  • Heart disease.
  • Hypertension.

Are safety shoes considered PPE? ›

With few exceptions, OSHA requires employers to pay for personal protective equipment when it is used to comply with OSHA standards. These typically include: hard hats, gloves, goggles, safety shoes, safety glasses, welding helmets and goggles, face shields, chemical protective equipment and fall protection equipment.

Are sneakers considered PPE? ›

OSHA has an abundance of rules and regulations regarding workplace safety, including section 29 CFR 1910.136 on occupational foot protection. Footwear is included in the Personal Protective Equipment section of the Occupational Safety and Health Standards.

What counts as safety footwear? ›

As a basic requirement safety footwear must have a 200 joule toe cap. Other properties that may be included are: penetration resistance (midsole protection), conductive, anti-static, insulated against heat or cold, energy absorbing, outsole resistant to hot contact, water resistant.

Can I refuse to work without PPE? ›

Personal protective equipment

In some jobs, failure to use PPE properly can be grounds for disciplinary action or even dismissal. However, you can refuse to wear PPE if it puts your safety at risk, because it doesn't fit properly for example. Ask your employer or the firm's safety representative for the right size.

Should my employer pay for my work shoes? ›

Consistent therewith, Cal/OSHA has taken the stance that if an employer requires shoes for safety purposes, whether specialty or nonspecialty, the employer must pay for the cost of those shoes.

Does my employer have to buy me boots? ›

An employer is required to provide any equipment that reduces the risk of the given environment. For example, an environment with sharp objects and glass on the floor would require steel toe boots.

How do I get VAT relief on disabled equipment? ›

How do you claim VAT Exemption? To claim for VAT exemption the supplier will usually ask you to sign a form declaring that the item is for a person with a disability or chronically sick. A Declaration form can be download from HM Revenue and Customs or from one of their local offices.

What is the VAT on equipment? ›

Most new goods are taxed at a VAT rate of 23%. Lower VAT rates apply to a few product types. Used machinery is subject to the VAT margin scheme.

Is there VAT on PPE masks? ›

This guidance outlines the temporary application of the zero rate of VAT to the supply of Covid-19 vaccines and test kits; and the temporary application of the zero rate of VAT to certain supplies of personal protection equipment (PPE) and medical equipment.

Why do ironworkers wear their hard hats backwards? ›

"Workers in tight areas wear their helmets backward because it is easier to maneuver in close quarters with it placed in that direction, and they don't want it to interfere with their work," Byrnes said. "Others wear them backward because it is easier to see without the brim in front."

What do blue hard hats mean? ›

Blue – Carpenters, technical advisers, and temp workers. Orange – Road crews, new employees, or visitors.

Should I take the 47 sticker off my hat? ›

That sticker on your bill—take it off. Unless you are doing a tribute to Minnie Pearl, the sticker needs to be removed before donning your cap.

Who is exempt from helmet? ›

Anyone belonging to the Sikh community who wears a turban while riding or driving a two-wheeler on the road is exempt from the motorcycle helmet laws in India.

Is there VAT on high vis vests? ›

Protective clothing includes helmets, steel toe capped boots, protective trousers and high visibility jackets. If these items or uniforms are worn by an employee or a business owner for work then the VAT is recoverable as input tax on their VAT returns.

How much is tax on a helmet? ›

Furthermore, in a price sensitive country where people consider helmets a financial burden, a 12 percent GST instead of 18 per cent will help to draw people towards good quality helmets and will induce them to buy and understand its significance. Every day approximately 13 people lose their lives in road accidents.

Can I claim VAT back on a motorcycle? ›

The rules for buying a motorbike are fairly straightforward. If you buy a company motorbike outright or on hire purchase the VAT can be recovered in full.

What products do not include VAT? ›

VAT exemption for goods and services
  • Sporting activities and physical education.
  • Education and training.
  • Some medical treatments.
  • Financial services, insurance and investments.

Is there VAT on motorbike insurance? ›

Insurance Premium Tax (IPT) is not VAT, but you might think of it as “VAT for insurance”. It's a tax that's applied to insurance premiums received under taxable insurance contracts. It's applied at two rates: A standard rate of 12%, and a higher rate of 20% for insurance supplied with selected goods and services.

Is VAT charged on eye tests? ›

The income from sight tests is only VAT exempted where the primary purpose of a sight test is to care, protect or maintain the health of the patient. Tests carried out primarily for other reasons are VATable.

Can I claim Safety glasses on tax? ›

You can't claim as protective eyewear, contact lenses or prescription glasses if you wear them while working or if you have a medical condition. You can only claim these expenses if your eyesight is at real risk or harm or injury from the sun, as well as other workplace conditions.

Can you claim blue light glasses on tax? ›

Glasses cannot be claimed in your tax return unless it's protective wear such as sunglasses, or the kinds of safety eye protection used on worksites etc.

Can a cyclist claim against a car? ›

In the most simple terms, a cyclist can claim against a motorist when an accident was the latter's fault.

Can I claim for a bike self-employed? ›

If you are self-employed and use a motorcycle for business, you could be eligible to claim 100% tax allowance for the cost of your bike, according to Nottingham firm EBS Accountants.

Can tourists still claim VAT back in UK? ›

VAT-free shopping in the UK is gone for good, it has been announced. It was scrapped after Brexit at the start of 2021 and then brought back. But the UK's Chancellor has now confirmed it will not return. The perk made shopping in the country 20 per cent cheaper for international visitors.

Is there VAT on health and safety training? ›

The provision of vocational training or retraining by a body is exempt from VAT.

Do I have to pay VAT on a wheelchair? ›

In general, disabled people do not have to pay Value-Added Tax (VAT) on goods and services that are designed / or adapted solely for use by disabled people. These goods and services are often called 'zero-rated' or 'eligible for VAT relief'.

What items are not subject to VAT? ›

There are some goods and services on which VAT is not charged, including:
  • insurance, finance and credit.
  • education and training.
  • fundraising events by charities.
  • subscriptions to membership organisations.
  • selling, leasing and letting of commercial land and buildings — this exemption can be waived.
18 May 2022

Should VAT be charged on training? ›

Is training VAT exempt or zero-rated? Training is VAT exempted only in few conditions and that is if the training is provided to children and young individuals by a recognised body. In case these conditions do not apply to training courses, Vat will be applied. Therefore Vat on training is not zero-rated.

Can I claim back VAT on training? ›

In most cases, HMRC considers vocational training to be for the benefit of the business and therefore a legitimate business expense. As such, the VAT would normally be recoverable by the business.

Is VAT payable on personal training? ›

The personal fitness training services to the public should be carried out by the client as a sole proprietor so that there is no VAT on such sales as long as the VAT registration compulsory threshold is not breached.

Is VAT 21% or 23 %? ›

The standard 23% rate of VAT applies to a wide range of goods and services.

What is Article 23 VAT? ›

Reverse-charge mechanism on import: Article 23

This license enables importers to avoid immediate payment of VAT upon importation (VAT deferral). For example: when a non-EU company import goods into the EU, it needs to file a VAT return and pay the 21% VAT upfront.

What is the current VAT rate 2022? ›

From 1 October 2021 the hospitality sector VAT rate increased to 12.5% until 31 March 2022, after which time it is due to return to the standard rate, currently at 20%.

Is senior citizen exempt from VAT? ›

What is the Senior Citizen Discount in the Philippines? Under R.A. 9994, elderly Filipinos aged 60 and above are entitled to a 20% discount and are exempted from the value-added tax (VAT) on applicable goods and services for their exclusive use. These privileges apply to both cash and credit card payments.

Can a blue badge holder buy a car VAT free? ›

You can purchase, a motor vehicle VAT- free when all the following conditions are met: the motor vehicle is supplied to a disabled person who normally uses a wheelchair to be mobile. the vehicle is permanently and substantially adapted.

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